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Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.5696 TAF1C Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TAF1C as ready
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.5696 TAF1C Zornitza Stark Gene: taf1c has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.5695 TAF1C Elena Savva Phenotypes for gene: TAF1C were changed from Global developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Spasticity; Strabismus; Seizures; Abnormality of nervous system morphology to Neurodevelopmental disorder (MONDO#0700092), TAF1C-related
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2837 TAF1C Zornitza Stark Classified gene: TAF1C as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2837 TAF1C Zornitza Stark Gene: taf1c has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2836 TAF1C Konstantinos Varvagiannis gene: TAF1C was added
gene: TAF1C was added to Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic. Sources: Literature
Mode of inheritance for gene: TAF1C was set to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Publications for gene: TAF1C were set to 32779182
Phenotypes for gene: TAF1C were set to Global developmental delay; Intellectual disability; Spasticity; Strabismus; Seizures; Abnormality of nervous system morphology
Penetrance for gene: TAF1C were set to Complete
Review for gene: TAF1C was set to AMBER
Added comment: Knuutinen et al (2020 - PMID: 32779182) report on 2 individuals from 2 consanguineous families, homozygous for TAF1C missense variants.

Both presented with an early onset neurological phenotype with severe global DD, ID (2/2 - moderate and profound), spasticity (2/2), ophthalmic findings (strabismus 2/2, nystagmus 1/2). Epilepsy, abnormal brain MRI (cerebral and cerebellar atrophy and white matter hyperintensities) as well and additional findings were reported in one (always the same individual).

Following a normal CMA, exome in the first case revealed a homozygous missense SNV (NM_005679.3:c.1165C>T / p.Arg389Cys) supported by in silico predictions. mRNA and protein levels were substantially reduced in fibroblasts from this subject. Only the patient and parents were tested for the variant but not 3 unaffected sibs (fig1).

The second individual was homozygous for another missense variant (p.Arg405Cys) also supported by in silico predictions. The girl was the single affected person within the family with an unaffected sib and parents heterozygous for the variant. Several other unaffected relatives in the extended pedigree were either carriers for this variant or homozygous for the wt allele.

TAF1C encodes the TATA-box binding protein associated factor (TAF) RNA polymerase I subunit.

RNA polymerase I (Pol I) transcribes genes to produce rRNA. For Pol I to initiate transcription, two transcription factors are required : UBF (upstream binding factor encoded by UBTF) and SL1 (selectivity factor 1). The latter is formed by TBP (TATA-binding protein) and 3 Pol I-specific TBP-associated factors (TAFs).

A recurrent de novo missense variant in UBTF (encoding the other Pol I transcription factor) causes a disorder with highly similar features. The specific variant acts through a gain-of-function mechanism (and not by LoF which appears to apply for TAF1C based on expression data).

The authors hypothesize that altered Pol I activity and resulting ribosomal stress could cause the microcephaly and leukodystrophy (both reported in 1 - the same - individual).

As a result, TAF1C may be considered for inclusion in the ID panel with amber rating pending further evidence.
Sources: Literature
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2585 TAF1 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TAF1 as ready
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2585 TAF1 Zornitza Stark Gene: taf1 has been classified as Green List (High Evidence).
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2585 TAF1 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TAF1 were changed from to Mental retardation, X-linked, syndromic 33, MIM# 300966
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2584 TAF1 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: TAF1 were set to
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2583 TAF1 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TAF1 was changed from Unknown to X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2582 TAF1 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TAF1: Rating: GREEN; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 31646703; Phenotypes: Mental retardation, X-linked, syndromic 33, MIM# 300966; Mode of inheritance: X-LINKED: hemizygous mutation in males, biallelic mutations in females
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2277 TAF13 Zornitza Stark Marked gene: TAF13 as ready
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2277 TAF13 Zornitza Stark Gene: taf13 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2277 TAF13 Zornitza Stark Publications for gene: TAF13 were set to
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2276 TAF13 Zornitza Stark Phenotypes for gene: TAF13 were changed from to Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 60, MIM# 617432
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2275 TAF13 Zornitza Stark Mode of inheritance for gene: TAF13 was changed from Unknown to BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2274 TAF13 Zornitza Stark Classified gene: TAF13 as Amber List (moderate evidence)
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2274 TAF13 Zornitza Stark Gene: taf13 has been classified as Amber List (Moderate Evidence).
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.2273 TAF13 Zornitza Stark reviewed gene: TAF13: Rating: AMBER; Mode of pathogenicity: None; Publications: 28257693; Phenotypes: Mental retardation, autosomal recessive 60, MIM# 617432; Mode of inheritance: BIALLELIC, autosomal or pseudoautosomal
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.0 TAF13 Zornitza Stark gene: TAF13 was added
gene: TAF13 was added to Intellectual disability, syndromic and non-syndromic_GHQ. Sources: Expert Review Green,Genetic Health Queensland
Mode of inheritance for gene: TAF13 was set to Unknown
Intellectual disability syndromic and non-syndromic v0.0 TAF1 Zornitza Stark gene: TAF1 was added
gene: TAF1 was added to Intellectual disability, syndromic and non-syndromic_GHQ. Sources: Expert Review Green,Genetic Health Queensland
Mode of inheritance for gene: TAF1 was set to Unknown